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    • THE BRITISH ARMY
      • British Army Deployment 1853
    • EVOLUTION OF FORTIFICATIONS
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    • DEFENDED PORTS
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    • FEATURES OF PORT DEFENCE
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  • Home Waters
    • ENGLAND
      • Barrow
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      • Chatham
        • Sheerness
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      • Falmouth
      • Hartlepool
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      • Mersey
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      • Portland
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      • Sunderland
      • Tees
      • Thames
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    • SCOTLAND
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    • IRELAND
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    • CHANNEL ISLANDS
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  • Atlantic Ocean
    • HALIFAX
      • St John’s
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      • St Lucia
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      • Trinidad & Tobago
      • British Guiana
      • British Honduras
    • BERMUDA
    • FALKLAND ISLANDS
    • ASCENSION ISLAND
    • ST HELENA
    • SIERRA LEONE
    • SOUTH AFRICA – ATLANTIC OCEAN
      • Table Bay
      • Simon’s Town
  • Indian Ocean
    • SOUTH AFRICA – INDIAN OCEAN
      • Port Elizabeth
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    • MAURITIUS
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    • AUSTRALIA -WEST COAST
      • Fremantle
      • Port Adelaide
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      • Warnambool, Port Fairy & Portland
    • INDIA
      • Bombay
      • Calcutta
      • Karachi
      • Madras
      • Rangoon
      • India Breech Loading Guns
  • Pacific Ocean
    • AUSTRALIA – EAST COAST
      • Thursday Island
      • Townsville
      • Brisbane
      • Newcastle
      • Sydney
      • Wollongong
      • Hobart
      • Launceston
    • SINGAPORE
    • HONG KONG
      • Hong Kong 1864
    • WEI HAI WEI
    • NEW ZEALAND
      • Auckland
      • Wellington
      • Otago, Port Chalmers and Dunedin
      • Port Lyttelton
    • ESQUIMALT
  • Mediterranean Sea
    • MALTA
    • GIBRALTAR

Overseas Defended Ports

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Home RESEARCH Defended Ports Overseas Defended Ports

From the 1880 onwards there was a growing concern within the British Government and in influential business circles to ensure that the trade hub around the world was secure in the event of war.  This included a systematic development of defended harbour, both at home and abroad.  This was in addition to the chain of defended coaling stations which were often at important commercial harbours.     By 1905 the situation had been rationalised and the list of defended home ports can be seen here.  The list below outlines the overseas ports that were deemed as requiring coastal defences in 1900.

ATLANTIC OCEAN

NORTH ATLANTIC 

DOMINION OF CANADA

  • Newfoundland, St John’s

SOUTH ATLANTIC

Freetown, Sierra Leone (Coaling Station)

Ascension Island (Royal Navy Coaling Station)

St Helena Island (Coaling Station)

UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA

     Cape of Good Hope

    • Table Bay (Coaling Station)
    • Simon’s Bay (Coaling Station)

Port Elizabeth or Algoa Bay,

Durban, Natal

Falkland Island, Stanley, Port William (Coaling Station)

INDIAN OCEAN

Aden (Coaling Station)

Mauritius (Coaling Station)

CEYLON OR SRI LANKA

  • Colombo (Coaling Station)
  • Trincomalee (Coaling Station)

INDIAN EMPIRE

  • Karachi
  • Bombay
  • Madras
  • Calcutta
  • Rangoon

AUSTRALIA

Victoria

  • Melbourne, Port Philip
  • Warnambool
  • Port Fairy
  • Portland

South Australia

  • Port Adelaide

Western Australia

  • Fremantle
  • Albany, King George’s Sound (Coaling Station)

PACIFIC OCEAN

Singapore (Coaling Station)

Hong Kong (Coaling Station)

AUSTRALIA

New South Wales

  • Sydney, Port Jackson
  • Botany Bay
  • Newcastle
  • Wollongong

Queensland

  • Brisbane
  • Townsville, Cleveland Bay
  • Thursday Island, Torres Straights (Coaling Station)

Tasmania

  • Hobart

NEW ZEALAND

  • Wellington
  • Auckland
  • Port Lyttleton
  • Otago, Port Chalmers and Dunedin

DOMINION OF CANADA

  • Esquimalt, Vancouver, (Coaling Station)

CARRIBEAN

Port Royal and Kingston, Jamaica (Coaling Station)

Port Castries, St Lucia, (Coaling Station)

Bridge Town, Barbados

Port of Spain, Trinidad

Belize, British Honduras

Georgetown, British Guiana

FORTRESS

GIBRALTAR

MALTA

BERMUDA

HALIFAX

OVERSEAS PORTS

In 1905 Committee on Armaments of Defended Ports Abroad recommended the following gradings in respect of the overseas ports (TNA CAB 16.1 1905 Report).  What is noticeable is how many of the once important locations such as Aden and Bermuda have been significantly downgraded.

CLASS A - Attack by Battleship

Gibraltar (also liable to Torpedo Boat attack)

Malta (also liable to Torpedo Boat attack)

Hong Kong

CLASS B - Attack by Armoured Cruiser

Singapore

Colombo

CLASS C+ - Attack by Unarmoured Cruiser

Each of these locations were to retain existing 9.2-inch BL guns to combat an attack by armoured cruisers.

Simons Bay

Aden

Bermuda

Sierra Leone

CLASS C - Attack by Unarmoured Cruiser

Mauritius

Cape Town (Table Bay)

Jamaica

St Helena

Ascension

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    • The British Army
      • British Army Deployment 1853
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    • Polygonal Forts
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  • Defended Ports
    • Home Defended Ports
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    • Land Forts
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      • Disappearing Guns
      • High Angle Fire Guns
      • Position Finding
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      • Protecting Defence Electric Lights
    • Submarine Warfare
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      • Brenann Torpedo
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  • The Royal Navy
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  • ODDS & ENDS
    • COAL
      • Coaling Stations
        • Coaling Stations Finance
    • Cable Communications
    • Boundary Stones
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  • HOME WATERS
    • ENGLAND
      • Barrow
      • Bristol
      • Chatham (Dockyard)
      • Sheerness
      • Newhaven
      • Dover (Dockyard)
      • Falmouth
      • Hartlepool
      • Harwich
      • Humber
      • Mersey
      • Plymouth (Dockyard)
      • Portland
      • Portsmouth (Dockyard)
      • Sunderland
      • Tees
      • Thames
      • Tyne
    • WALES
      • Barry
      • Cardiff
      • Milford Haven
      • Swansea
    • SCOTLAND
      • Aberdeen
      • Clyde
      • Forth
      • Scarpa Flow
      • Tay
    • IRELAND
      • Belfast
      • Berehaven Anchorage
      • Cork
      • Dublin
      • Lough Swilly Anchorage
    • Channel Islands
      • Alderney
      • Guernsey
      • Jersey
    • Isles of Scilly (St May’s)
  • ATLANTIC OCEAN
    • Halifax
    • St John’s, Newfoundland
    • CARIBBEAN
      • St Lucia (Coaling Station)
      • Port Royal (Coaling Station)
      • Bridge Town, Barbados
      • Belize, British Honduras
      • Georgetown, British Guiana
      • Port of Spain, Trinidad
    • Bermuda (Fortress)
    • Falkland Islands (Coaling Station)
    • Ascension Island
    • St Helena (Coaling Station)
    • Sierra Leone (Coaling Station)
    • South Africa, Atlantic Ocean
      • Table Bay
      • Simon’s Town
  • INDIAN OCEAN
    • South Africa, Indian Ocean
      • Durban
      • Agloa Bay, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
    • Mauritius (Coaling Station)
    • Aden
      • Perim Island
    • Ceylon – Sri Lanaka
      • Colombo (Coaling Station)
      • Trincomalee (Coaling Station)
    • Australian Seaboard, West Coast
      • Fremantle
      • Port Adelaide
      • Port Philip, Melbourne
      • Albany, King George’s Sound (Coaling Station)
      • Warnambool, Port Fairy and Portland
    • India
      • Bombay
      • Calcutta
      • Karachi
      • Madras
      • Rangoon
      • India Breech Loading Guns
  • PACIFIC OCEAN
    • Australia, East Coastline
      • Thursday Island, Torres Straights (Coaling Station)
      • Townsville, Cleveland Bay
      • Brisbane
      • Newcastle
      • Sydney
      • Wollongong
      • Hobart, Tasmania
      • Launceston, Tasmania
    • Singapore (Coaling Station)
    • Hong Kong (Coaling Station)
      • Hong Kong 1864
    • Wei Hai Wei
    • New Zealand
      • Auckland
      • Wellington
      • Otago, Port Chalmers and Dunedin
      • Port Lyttelton
    • Esquimalt, Coaling Station
  • MEDITERRANEAN
    • Gibraltar
    • Malta
Defence of British Ports
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